Planning Theory and Process ^_^: Pluralistic Planning 4 Multicultural Cities (⊙o⊙)

"A tree can be the source of neighborhood battles, as shown in Toronto by the "nature meets culture"headlines in the globe and mail. Italians and Portuguese like to keep trees short, allowing a better view of the neighbors.Ango-Saxons want trees to be tall and leafy,blocking any views from and to neighborhood houses.The chinese believe trees in front of a home bring bad luck."---e.g

Multiculturalism in Canada
Canada is one of the multiculturalism countries in the world. In the mosaic of aboriginal cultures and languages there,multiculturalism extends back to antiquity.(include British French Germans Russians and Chinese,ect).There are 3 indicators for Canadian population：ethnic origin，status as an immigrant and languages.There are old and new multiculturalism in Canda.The old multiculturalism or cultural mosaic was a private affair of immigrants.The new one is acknowledged by public ideology and official policy.
Multiculturalism,social diversity and the planning process
The cultural and racial diversity of citizens bears on the planning process in 3ways.
1.affects the rational technical component
2.planners must be sensitive to the needs of individuals in new ways
3.the scope and procedures of citizen involvement in the planning process have to be modified to accommodate multicultural policies
Metropolitan Toronto:Kingsview Park
Kingsview Park is a high rise condominium complex of 6 buildings containing 1794 apartments, it was built in 1971 along the four land Dixon road in Etobicoke. First occupants are young families and empty nester, half of them are European migrants after WWII. In a few years time, tenants have changed to people from south Europe and Asia. The proportion of rents rose to about 12 percent and that’s in 1977. 1980s tomato’s property boom attracts speculator investors, by 1989-1991, 25 percent of the apartments were renter occupied. Because of high vacancies and downturn in property market, occupancy gradually filtered down in the rental market. 1994, most poor Somalis moved in and occupied 59 percent of rental units and 35 percent were in Kingsview Park. Tension grow between owners and poor Somali due to black and white culture, and has caused a culture conflict.
The Dixon case

From the Dixon case, The proposed solutions to the Dixon complex include regulations to discourage overcrowding and a recommendation to amend provincial legislation to allow municipal inspectors the authority to enter private dwellings without warrants. In short the planning response to this social and cultural clash was simply to tune up property standards and create the statutory instruments to enforce the.

This case illustrates public issues precipitated by the diversification of forms, functions and population in neighborhoods.

Ethnic Business Enclaves

In Canadian cities, local businesses of ethnic neighborhoods have been the basis of their cultural economies, and they often extend their markets beyond their surrounding neighborhoods. However not all immigrants owned business target ethnic populations, a historical example is that a restaurant opened in a little village in the 19th century, and they were the main restaurants there. In the 1970s, a new form of ethnic business enclaves emerged in Canada. Toronto’s revitalized Chinatown and its Chinese suburban malls and office clusters, its Indian bazaars and Greek villages.

Housing Choices- new culture is coming in,the old cultures stay.People move around all the time~

Institutions and services- Not only spatial and architectural forms,but also social institutions and community services,are affected by multicultralism.